Answer: The kind of mutation that would affect protein synthesis is one that causes a change in the position of the stop or start codon on the mRNA. This would cause either an incomplete translation or overlengthening of the required proteins on the ribosome.
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How would protein synthesis execute differently if there is a …
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What happens if a mutation occurs during protein synthesis?
Errors in protein synthesis disrupt cellular fitness, cause disease phenotypes, and shape gene and genome evolution.
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How can mutations affect protein synthesis in cells quizlet?
Mutations can cause a cell to produce an incorrect protein during protein synthesis. As a result, the organism’s trait may be different from what it normally would be.
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What mutations can occur during protein synthesis?
There are three kinds of substitution mutations:Silent mutations do not affect the sequence of amino acids during translation.Nonsense mutations result in a stop codon where an amino acid should be, causing translation to stop prematurely.Missense mutations change the amino acid specified by a codon.
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How does insertion mutation affect protein synthesis?
An insertion changes the DNA sequence by adding one or more nucleotides to the gene. As a result, the protein made from the gene may not function properly.
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What might happen if there was a mutation during protein synthesis?
By changing a gene’s instructions for making a protein, a variant can cause a protein to malfunction or to not be produced at all. When a variant alters a protein that plays a critical role in the body, it can disrupt normal development or cause a health condition.
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How might protein synthesis execute differently if a mutation occurs?
Answer and Explanation: Protein synthesis can be completely halted, or there can be individual changes to amino acids, or the protein can be made normally with mutations. Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence and thus affect the mRNA copy of DNA as well.
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What effect does mutation have on protein structure?
A mutation in the amino acid sequence may alter the structure of a protein but it does not necessarily alter its function, although, the mutation at specific sites such as conserved residues can bring about a change in the structure and function of the protein.
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Can protein synthesis cause a mutation?
However, the information transfer is not perfect, and every time DNA, RNA, or a protein is synthesized, errors may happen, resulting in mutations.
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What mutations occur during protein synthesis?
These types of mutations are called frameshift mutations. A frameshift mutation “shifts” how a sequence of nucleotides is read as triplets (codons) during translation. This may, in turn, alter which amino acids are added to polypeptide.
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What are the 4 types of mutations?
Mutations can be of many types, such as substitution, deletion, insertion, and translocation.
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Where and when can mutations happen during protein synthesis?
Some mutations occur when a mistake is made during DNA replication or transcription. Other mutations occur because of environmental factors. Anything in the environment that causes a mutation is known as a mutagen. Examples of mutagens are shown in Figure below.
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Can protein synthesis cause a mutation?
However, the information transfer is not perfect, and every time DNA, RNA, or a protein is synthesized, errors may happen, resulting in mutations.
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How can a mutation affect protein synthesis by a cell?
Sometimes, gene variants (also known as mutations) prevent one or more proteins from working properly. By changing a gene’s instructions for making a protein, a variant can cause a protein to malfunction or to not be produced at all.
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What are mutations and how can they affect proteins quizlet?
What are mutations, and how can they affect proteins? – Mutations are permanent changes in the DNA sequence of a gene. – Mutations can affect the shape of the protein that is produced. – A change in the shape of the protein affects the function of the protein, which may affect the trait that is seen.
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What mutations can occur during protein synthesis?
There are three kinds of substitution mutations:Silent mutations do not affect the sequence of amino acids during translation.Nonsense mutations result in a stop codon where an amino acid should be, causing translation to stop prematurely.Missense mutations change the amino acid specified by a codon.
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How might protein synthesis execute differently if a mutation occurs?
Answer and Explanation: Protein synthesis can be completely halted, or there can be individual changes to amino acids, or the protein can be made normally with mutations. Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence and thus affect the mRNA copy of DNA as well.
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How does frameshift insertion mutation affect the protein?
Due to the triplet nature of codons, the amino acid sequence of a protein is determined by contiguous triplets. Therefore, a frameshift mutation leads to completely different proteins in term of chemical composition, and the closer to 5′ end of coding sequence the mutation occurs, the more protein changes it can make.
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Why does an insertion mutation usually cause more defects during protein synthesis than a point mutation?
Because an insertion or deletion results in a frame-shift that changes the reading of subsequent codons and, therefore, alters the entire amino acid sequence that follows the mutation, insertions and deletions are usually more harmful than a substitution in which only a single amino acid is altered.
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How does an insertion mutation affect amino acids?
Insertion mutations cause the production of the wrong amino acids, cause early termination of the amino acid chain ( protein), and change highly structured information stored in the DNA to nonsense producing non functional proteins.
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Which mutation has the most significant effect on protein synthesis?
Answer and Explanation: The correct answer is (d). Frameshift mutations arise by deletion or insertion of a nucletide and shifts the reading frame of the gene sequence.
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